Muscle/nerve biopsy special studies
Routine workup
- Skeletal muscle biopsies
- Light microscopy
- Formalin-fixed paraffin processed
- Histochemical stains on frozen sections
- Gomori trichrome
- Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)
- NADH-tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR)
- ATPase, pH 9.4
- Modified succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)
- Peripheral nerve biopsies
- Light microscopy
- Formalin-fixed paraffin processed
- Glutaraldehyde-fixed, plastic resin processed
- Semi-thin sections, toluidine blue O stain
Additional studies
- Formalin-fixed paraffin processed
- Masson’s trichrome
- Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)
- Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)—diastase pretreatment
- Histochemical stains on frozen sections
- Oil red O
- Periodic acid Schiff (PAS)—diastase pretreatment
- Modified Congo red (Mendell)
- ATPase, pH 4.3
- ATPase, pH 4.6
- Cytochrome c oxidase
- Myoadenylate deaminase
- Myophosphorylase
- Phosphofructokinase
- Acid phosphatase
- Non-specific esterase
- Immunohistochemical stains on frozen sections
- Dystrophin, amino-terminus
- Dystrophin, rod domain
- Dystrophin, carboxy-terminus
- Utrophin
- Alpha-sarcoglycan
- Dysferlin
- Merosin
- Spectrin
- Alpha-dystroglycan, glycosylated (immunofluorescence)
- Caveolin-3 (immunofluorescence)
- Electron microscopy